Nearly half of the sandstones have grain densities close to 2.65 g/cm 3, the density of quartz, suggesting that those sandstones are composed of quartz grains and cement. The remaining sandstones have slightly larger grain densities, most likely due to mixing of quartz with more dense minerals like calcite (ρ = 2.71 g/cm 3 ) or dolomite (ρ ...This study quantitatively investigated the effect of grain size on hydrocarbon generation and expulsion of shale, based on the results of the Rock-Eval pyrolysis and kinetics study. Due to the “carry-over” phenomenon, oil adsorption and nano pore confinement, portions of S1 hydrocarbons are retained and expelled as portions of S2 hydrocarbons.Sandstone is a clastic sedimentary rock composed mainly of sand-sized (0.0625 to 2 mm) silicate grains. Sandstones comprise about 20–25% of all sedimentary rocks.. Most sandstone is composed of quartz or feldspar (both silicates) because they are the most resistant minerals to weathering processes at the Earth's surface. Like uncemented …Jun 1, 1998 · This analysis shows that for the Kark oil shale there is a increase in oil yield as the grain size increases to the 1.0–1.7 mm size range, but a decrease for the 1.7–2.8 mm size. For the Salt Range oil shale the three smaller size ranges gave similar yields in relation to organic carbon content of the shales but the larger size range of 1.7 ... Sep 6, 2022 · In Figure 12, such grain size decrease can be observed in Middle Woodford Shale with the sea-level increase. The changing pattern in the grain size in the Upper Woodford Shale is irregular as the grain sizes decrease first and then increase, which should show grain size increase upward in high-stand system . Texture (grain size) Coarse (over 2 mm) Medium (1/16 to 2 mm) Fine (1/16 to 1/256 ... Shale Rock Name Crystalline Limestone Travertine Coquina Fossiliferous Limestone These models can be further used for digital rock analysis (DRA), where shale petrophysical properties, such as mineralogy, grain size distribution, porosity, pore size distribution, or absolute/relative permeability, can be determined (Byrnes et al., 2017; Goral and Miskovic, 2015). Shales are inherently heterogenous.(shale) or ms ls (limestone). All differentiated units should be assigned distinctive map symbols and should be described on the General Geologic Legend, Explanation, and Notes drawings. Descriptors and Descriptive Criteria for Physical Characteristics of Rock Lithologic Descriptors (Composition, Grain Size, and Texture).—The Talvivaara Black Shale-Hosted Ni-Zn-Cu-Co Deposit in Eastern Finland. A. Kontinen, E. Hanski, in Mineral Deposits of Finland, 2015 Introduction. Black shales are dark-colored, usually thinly laminated mudstones containing appreciable organic matter (>0.5 wt% C), authigenic iron sulfides and, silt- and clay-sized detrital particles that in most cases have been accumulated under anoxic ...Grain Size Original Sediment Grain Roundness Rock Name; coarse (> 2 mm) gravel: angular: breccia: coarse (> 2 mm) gravel: rounded: conglomerate: medium (0.06 - 2 mm) sand: variable: sandstone *see note below. fine (0.004 - 0.06 mm) silt: not visible: siltstone: extra fine (< 0.004 mm) clay: not visible: shale: Chemical Sedimentary Rocks ...To identify shale, first observe its grain size and ensure that no individual grains can be seen with the naked eye. Next, look for thin, parallel layers and note if the rock tends to break along those surfaces. Shale specimens usually have sharp edges, and it is common for fossils to be present.To identify shale, first observe its grain size and ensure that no individual grains can be seen with the naked eye. Next, look for thin, parallel layers and note if the rock tends to break along those surfaces. Shale specimens usually have sharp edges, and it is common for fossils to be present.Frac sand: Close-up view of frac sand (on the right) and a typical sand of similar grain size (on the left). Notice how the frac sand has a more uniform grain size, nicely rounded grain shapes, and a uniform composition. It is also a very tough material that can resist compressive forces of up to several tons per square inch. Lithographic limestone is a dense rock with a very fine and very uniform grain size. It occurs in thin beds which separate easily to form a very smooth surface. In the late 1700s, a printing process known as lithography (named after the stones used) was developed to reproduce images by drawing them on the stone with an oil-based ink, then using that …... grain size of the mineral is usually between 3.2-35 µm [10]. FE-SEM characterization method is able to capture a wider range of pore size than the technique.Grain size analysis is a vital sedimentological tool used to unravel the hydrodynamic conditions, mode of transportation and deposition of detrital sediments. In this study, detailed grain-size analysis was carried out on thirty-five sandstone samples from the Ecca Group in the Eastern Cape Province of South Africa. Grain-size statistical parameters, bivariate analysis, linear discriminate ... Jan 1, 2020 · These models can be further used for digital rock analysis (DRA), where shale petrophysical properties, such as mineralogy, grain size distribution, porosity, pore size distribution, or absolute/relative permeability, can be determined (Byrnes et al., 2017; Goral and Miskovic, 2015). Shales are inherently heterogenous. Figure 1. A sedimentary outcrop consisting of limestone, shale and sandstone indicates that sea level was falling at this particular location while the sediments were being deposited. For example, ... Here …To identify shale, first observe its grain size and ensure that no individual grains can be seen with the naked eye. Next, look for thin, parallel layers and note if the rock tends to break along those surfaces. Shale specimens usually have sharp edges, and it is common for fossils to be present.PDF | For black shales, laminae and bedding are hard to identify, grain size is difficult to measure, and trace fossils do not exist. Taking the... | Find, read and cite all …e. Wentworth grain size chart from United States Geological Survey Open-File Report 2006-1195: Note size typos; 33.1mm is 38.1 & .545mm is .594. Beach cobbles at Nash Point, South Wales. Grain size (or particle size) is the diameter of individual grains of sediment, or the lithified particles in clastic rocks. This study quantitatively investigated the effect of grain size on hydrocarbon generation and expulsion of shale, based on the results of the Rock-Eval pyrolysis and kinetics study. Due to the “carry-over” phenomenon, oil adsorption and nano pore confinement, portions of S1 hydrocarbons are retained and expelled as portions of S2 hydrocarbons.May 9, 2019 · The origin of the oil shale may impact its quality and/or the other minerals that are found within the deposit. Distribution . Deposits of oil shale may be found at varying depths below the surface. Oil shale occurs in nearly 100 major deposits in 27 countries worldwide (3). Texture (grain size) Coarse (over 2 mm) Medium (1/16 to 2 mm) Fine (1/16 to 1/256 ... Shale Rock Name Crystalline Limestone Travertine Coquina Fossiliferous Limestone26 Sep 2008 ... Conglomerate-shale siliciclastic series; Carbonate series; Volcaniclastics ... Use the Wentworth grain size scale to describe sediment grain size ...Aeolian, sometimes spelled eolian or œolian, are deposits of windblown sediments. Since wind has a much lower carrying capacity than water, aeolian deposits typically consist of clast sizes from fine dust to sand [ 52 ]. Fine silt and clay can cross very long distances, even entire oceans suspended in the air.Feb 1, 2021 · The grain size of the samples follows a mesokurtic distribution (near-normal grain-size distribution), as most of the kurtosis values range from 0.8 to 1.2 (Fig. 3, Fig. 4). Subtle differences of the mean (over 0.05) between NGHBS and GHBS appear in wells B and E (Table 3). Image analysis: the quantification of the mineral phases present in the rock as well as the shape and grain-size determination, by thin section examination, may be done manually or automated. The improvement of image analysis equipment coupled to petrographic microscopes has enabled the development of many techniques for …Based on Lab Exercise #1: Grain Analysis. Bag E contains. a poorly sorted mix of gravel, sand, and silt. Based on Lab Exercise #2: Identification of Sedimentary Rocks. The mineral grains in Specimen #11 are. quartz. Based on Lab Exercise #2: Identification of Sedimentary Rocks. Specimen #11 is. quartz sandstone.In this work, the influence of shale grain size of 0.20–0.60, 0.60–1.20, 1.20–3.33, and 3.33–5.60 mm were carried out on the oil shale pyrolysis in a semi-continuous fluidised bed and 50 gm fixed bed reactor under nitrogen and nitrogen/steam pyrolysis atmosphere.HSLA steels often have grain-size numbers ranging from 10 to 12. Traditional low-strength forming steels have grain-size numbers around 6 or 7. Grain-size numbers of 5 and lower can have visual surface problems like cracks, tears, and orange peels. Remember that the grain boundaries are stronger than the grain interior.In this work, the influence of shale grain size of 0.20–0.60, 0.60–1.20, 1.20–3.33, and 3.33–5.60 mm were carried out on the oil shale pyrolysis in a semi-continuous fluidised bed and 50 ...What size particles make up shale? Shale is a sedimentary rock formed from extremely fine grains of mud. They are typically about 0.004 mm in diameter.Grain size: Very fine-grained (< 0.06mm); clasts not visible to the naked eye. Hardness: Generally quite soft, but can be hard and brittle. ... Shale is a fine-grained, clastic sedimentary rock composed of mud that is a mix of flakes of clay minerals and tiny fragments ...The effect of shale grain size on hydrocarbon generation and expulsion was studied using Rock-Eval and kinetics. • With diameter increasing,the results of grain size …Shale is similar to siltstone but with even finer grain size, less than 1/256 of a millimeter in diameter. It is a very common sedimentary rock. It is composed of silt or clay. This is very fine particles of weathered and deconposed rock. What size particles make up shale? Geologists are specific about the definition of the rock called “shale.”26 Sep 2008 ... Conglomerate-shale siliciclastic series; Carbonate series; Volcaniclastics ... Use the Wentworth grain size scale to describe sediment grain size ...1 Mei 2019 ... defining and measuring grain size, using the Wentworth logarithmic scale and Krumbein Phi scale. grain size classes like coarse-grained.Ancient grains can bring new flavors to your plate while providing healthy, whole grain goodness. Learn more about ancient grains. Advertisement You may not be used to seeing the word "ancient" associated with anything intended to be eaten....Shale is a sedimentary rock while slate is a metamorphic rock formed from shale. Slate is much more durable than shale due to the metamorphic process it undergoes. Slate and shale are similar in appearance. Visually, it can be hard to tell ...Such a foliation is called gneissic banding (Figure 11.3), and the metamorphic rock is called gneiss (pronounced “nice”, with a silent g). In Figure 11.3A, the layering in this gneiss is horizontal, and the greatest pressures were at right angles to the gneissic bands. Note that these bands are not always flat, but may be seen contorted as ...The kinetic parameters of grain, powder and kerogen from marine shale and lacustrine shale were obtained by Rock-Eval pyrolysis. For marine shale, the discrete activation energy distributions range from 37 to 59, 36 to 59 and 36 to 59 kcal/mol with a universal frequency factor A = 4.15*10 11 s −1 for grain, powder and kerogen, respectively.The spherical pores and cracks are assumed to have the same radius as the grain size (ς). The fracture radius (α f) can be either larger or the same as grain size. In this study, we estimated the grain and fracture sizes of the Haynesville Shale from microstructure images (Curtis et al. 2010). Both grain and fracture sizes are about 1 μm …One type of regional metamorphism occurs at convergent plate boundaries, where rocks are subjected to a variety of pressures and temperatures, resulting in thermodynamic metamorphism (“thermo-” for increased temperature, and “dynamic” for increased pressure). Mountain ranges that form by the converging of tectonic plates are classic ...grain size scale, in sedimentology, division of a continuous range of particle sizes into a series of discrete groups. Several such scales have been devised for the purpose of standardizing terms and providing a basis for statistical analysis. On most scales, the finest particles are designated clay, followed by silt, sand, granules, gravel ... Sep 16, 2013 · Grain Size Rounding Sorting Rock Name; gravel coarse (> 2 mm) angular: poorly: breccia: rounded: poorly: conglomerate: sand medium (0.0625 - 2 mm) variable: variable: sandstone: rounded to subangular: well to moderately: quartz arenite - >90% quartz: subrounded to angular: well to moderately: arkose - >25% feldspar : subangular to angular ... ... sizes of fragments (Compton, 1977; Porter et al, 1980). Grain-size. Sediment name. Rock name. > 2.00mm. Gravel. Conglomerate (Brecia if grains are angular).8 Jan 2020 ... 2018 Full-scale permeability, porosity, particle size distribution of an oil shale rockfill. In 52nd US Rock Mechanics/Geomechanics Symp ...Grain Size: Coarse grains are visible to the naked eye, and the minerals can usually be identified without using a magnifier. Fine grains are smaller and usually cannot be identified without using a magnifier.; Hardness: This is measured with the Mohs scale and refers to the minerals contained within a rock. In simple terms, hard rock scratches glass …The finer‐grained clastic sedimentary rocks are called shale, siltstone, and mudstone. Shale is a smooth, thinly layered rock that is made up of fine‐grained silt and clay particles. Shale is considered a fissile rock because it splits very naturally along its layers. A siltstone contains mostly silt grains and looks very similar to shale ...Notice how the frac sand has a more uniform grain size, nicely rounded grain shapes, and a uniform composition. It is also a very tough material that can resist compressive forces of up to several tons per square inch. Grains in this image are about 0.50 millimeter in size. Photo copyright iStockphoto / BanksPhotos.lithic wacke. Dominated by sand (1/16 to 2 mm), greater than 10% rock fragments, greater than 15% silt and clay, range of roundness and sorting possible. Mudrock. mudstone. Greater than 75% silt (1/256 to 1/16 mm) and clay (<1/256 mm), not bedded, well-sorted, grains too fine to judge roundness using hand lens. shale. Here is a more complex version of the same chart: Wentworth (1922) grain size classification detailed chart The canonical definition of sediment grain sizes as defined by geologist Chester K. Wentworth in a 1922 article in …Brittleness index is to show the size of the brittle mineral volume fraction (such as Quartz) as part of the overall matrix volume and grain size. The ...Sedimentary rock - Grain Size, Stratification, Deposition: Particle size is an important textural parameter of clastic rocks because it supplies information on the conditions of transportation, sorting, and deposition of the sediment and provides some clues to the history of events that occurred at the depositional site prior to final induration. Determining the sizes of the discrete particles ...Many properties are also dependent on grain or crystal size, shape, and packing arrangement, the amount and distribution of void space, the presence of natural cements in sedimentary rocks, the temperature and pressure, ...Glacial Lake Missoula claystone Red mudrock in the Ragged Reef Formation (Pennsylvanian), Cumberland Basin, Nova Scotia. Mudrocks are a class of fine-grained siliciclastic sedimentary rocks.The varying types of mudrocks include siltstone, claystone, mudstone, slate, and shale.Most of the particles of which the stone is composed are less …Sedimentary rock - Clastic, Chemical, Organic: Conglomerates and breccias are sedimentary rocks composed of coarse fragments of preexisting rocks held together either by cement or by a finer-grained clastic matrix. Both contain significant amounts (at least 10 percent) of coarser-than-sand-size clasts. Breccias are consolidated rubble; their clasts …Apr 23, 2023 · Modified date: 23/04/2023. Mudstone is a really pleasant-grained sedimentary rock consisting of a aggregate of clay and silt-sized particles. Terms including claystone and siltstone are often used in location of mudstone, although these consult with rocks whose grain length falls inside a good deal narrower stages and underneath near exam those ... By: Coalition Brewing. 0 Comments. No, shale is not a grain size. Shale is a type of sedimentary rock that is made up of compacted mud, clay, and/or silt, which are all very fine-grained. Grain size refers specifically to the size of individual grains of sediment or other material, and shale does not have individual grains that can be measured. Clastic sedimentary rocks are grouped by the size of the sediment they contain. Shale has the smallest grain size. Shale is made mostly of clay-sized ...What size particles make up shale? Shale is a sedimentary rock formed from extremely fine grains of mud. They are typically about 0.004 mm in diameter.Varieties include siltstone (average grain size between 1 / 16 and 1 / 256 millimetre) and claystone (discrete particles are mostly finer than 1 / 256 millimetre). ... Shale is any fine clastic sedimentary rock that exhibits fissility, which is the ability to break into thin slabs along narrowly spaced planes parallel to the layers of ...Grain silos are an essential part of on-farm storage for many farmers. These structures are used to store grains such as corn, wheat, and soybeans until they are ready to be sold or processed. In this article, we’ll take a closer look at th...In addition, shale samples were crushed into a powder with a grain size of <150 μm for mineralogical composition analyses, which were performed using a Bruker D8 Discover X–ray diffractometer. From Table 2 , we note that the TOC contents ranged from 0.19% to 2.42% (average 1.58%) and that R o with an average of 2.57% (2.51–2.69% ...The finer‐grained clastic sedimentary rocks are called shale, siltstone, and mudstone. Shale is a smooth, thinly layered rock that is made up of fine‐grained silt and clay particles. Shale is considered a fissile rock because it splits very naturally along its layers. A siltstone contains mostly silt grains and looks very similar to shale ... Influence of particle size of siliceous minerals on shale fracturing [91, 92]. (a) Particle size of fracturing fluid passing through large particles of minerals; (b) ... The sizes of quartz grains in different layers of Longyi 1 in the southern Sichuan Basin. Well: Formation: Depth, m: Quartz grain size, μm: 0–10: 10–20:... grain size falls within much narrower ranges and under close examination these are often technically mudstones. Shale is often used to describe mudstones ...Such grain size profiles in sand-shale sequences can be indicated by GR logs and SP logs. Table 1 . The direct correlation between facies and a variety of other log shapes relative to the sedimentological relationship (modified after [4] , [5] , [8] , [9] ).One type of regional metamorphism occurs at convergent plate boundaries, where rocks are subjected to a variety of pressures and temperatures, resulting in thermodynamic metamorphism (“thermo-” for increased temperature, and “dynamic” for increased pressure). Mountain ranges that form by the converging of tectonic plates are classic ...The texture of schist is typically coarse due to the larger grain size of its constituent minerals compared to other metamorphic rocks like slate or ... of mica schist is shale. Phyllite could also be considered the parent rock as mica schist is a more highly metamorphosed phyllite. References. Bonewitz, R. (2012). Rocks and ...HSLA steels often have grain-size numbers ranging from 10 to 12. Traditional low-strength forming steels have grain-size numbers around 6 or 7. Grain-size numbers of 5 and lower can have visual surface problems like cracks, tears, and orange peels. Remember that the grain boundaries are stronger than the grain interior.Texture (grain size) Coarse (over 2 mm) Medium (1/16 to 2 mm) Fine (1/16 to 1/256 ... Shale Rock Name Crystalline Limestone Travertine Coquina Fossiliferous LimestoneYou might think the only differences between whole wheat and white bread are superficial things, like texture and taste. But it’s also true that whole wheat bread gets touted as the healthier option.1 Properties 1.1 Physical Properties 1.1.1 Hardness 3 1.1.2 Grain Size Very fine-grained 1.1.3 Fracture Not Available 1.1.4 Streak White 1.1.5 Porosity Highly Porous 1.1.6 Luster Dull 1.1.7 Compressive Strength Properties of F.. ⊕ 95.00 N/mm 2 Rank: 20 (Overall) Properties of Obsidian ⊕ 175 (Properties of..) ADD ⊕ 1.1.8 Cleavage SlatyIn addition, shale samples were crushed into a powder with a grain size of <150 μm for mineralogical composition analyses, which were performed using a Bruker D8 Discover X–ray diffractometer. From Table 2 , we note that the TOC contents ranged from 0.19% to 2.42% (average 1.58%) and that R o with an average of 2.57% (2.51–2.69% ...Study with Quizlet and memorize flashcards containing terms like 4 steps for Sedimentary Rocks to form, List the following in order from largest to smallest grain size: sand, clay, pebble, cobble, silt, granule, boulder, Boulder size and more. Figure 1. A sedimentary outcrop consisting of limestone, shale and sandstone indicates that sea level was falling at this particular location while the sediments were being deposited. For example, ... Here …Shale Fine to coarse TEXTURE GRAIN SIZE COMMENTS ROCK NAME MAP SYMBOLCOMPOSITION Fine to coarse crystals Microscopic to very coarse Precipitates of biologic origin or cemented shell fragments Compacted plant remains. . . . .. . . . Bioclastic Crystalline or bioclastic FOLIATED Fine Fine to medium Medium to coarse Regional Low …Oct 14, 2019 · HSLA steels often have grain-size numbers ranging from 10 to 12. Traditional low-strength forming steels have grain-size numbers around 6 or 7. Grain-size numbers of 5 and lower can have visual surface problems like cracks, tears, and orange peels. Remember that the grain boundaries are stronger than the grain interior. ... sizes of fragments (Compton, 1977; Porter et al, 1980). Grain-size. Sediment name. Rock name. > 2.00mm. Gravel. Conglomerate (Brecia if grains are angular).shale: 2.06–2.67: slate: 2.72–2.84: pyrite: 5.0: gold: ... rocks typically have variable porosity. Bulk density includes both the grains and the interstitial spaces. The grain density is the actual density of the particles, ... the density of a substance is …Shale is a fine-grained sedimentary rock that forms from the compaction of silt and clay-size mineral particles that we commonly call "mud." This composition places shale in a category of sedimentary rocks known as " mudstones ." Shale is distinguished from other mudstones because it is fissile and laminated.The grain size of this material is less than 0.063 mm. It is difficult to distinguish the individual grains because these grains are too small. Therefore, grains are observed under the aid of a microscope. ... Shale is a type of clastic sedimentary rock that contains mud, flakes of clay minerals and a trace amount of other minerals.Grain size is an important factor contributing to the strength of the shale specimens tested. 508-mm specimens, which had the lowest strength, had a higher average grain size compared to other specimen sizes.Grain Size: Coarse grains are visible to the naked eye, and the minerals can usually be identified without using a magnifier. Fine grains are smaller and usually cannot be identified without using a magnifier.; Hardness: This is measured with the Mohs scale and refers to the minerals contained within a rock. In simple terms, hard rock scratches glass …Mudstone. Mudstone, a type of mudrock, is a fine-grained sedimentary rock whose original constituents were clays or muds. Mudstone is distinguished from shale by its lack of fissility (parallel layering). [1] [2] The term mudstone is also used to describe carbonate rocks ( limestone or dolomite) that are composed predominantly of carbonate mud. [3]
Grain size: > 2mm; Clasts easily visible to the naked eye, should be identifiable. Hardness: Soft to hard, dependent on clast composition and strength of cement. Colour: variable, dependent on …. Kj adams height
Sedimentary Rocks (Lab 7) For this lab you will need: Rock and Minerals Quick Study Guide. Mineral and Rock Identification Chart. Rock and Mineral Set. Hand lens. White distilled vinegar. In this lab, you will identify 6 sedimentary rocks. To do so, you will observe various properties of sedimentary rocks such as type, grain size/composition ...Notice how the frac sand has a more uniform grain size, nicely rounded grain shapes, and a uniform composition. It is also a very tough material that can resist compressive forces of up to several tons per square inch. Grains in this image are about 0.50 millimeter in size. Photo copyright iStockphoto / BanksPhotos.Sep 16, 2013 · Grain Size Rounding Sorting Rock Name; gravel coarse (> 2 mm) angular: poorly: breccia: rounded: poorly: conglomerate: sand medium (0.0625 - 2 mm) variable: variable: sandstone: rounded to subangular: well to moderately: quartz arenite - >90% quartz: subrounded to angular: well to moderately: arkose - >25% feldspar : subangular to angular ... Modified date: 23/04/2023. Mudstone is a really pleasant-grained sedimentary rock consisting of a aggregate of clay and silt-sized particles. Terms including claystone and siltstone are often used in location of mudstone, although these consult with rocks whose grain length falls inside a good deal narrower stages and underneath near exam those ...What is the grain size of marble? There are 2,000-3,000 grains to the square centimeter (0.1550 square inches). Where the marble is in direct contact with the intrusive granite, the most consistent change in the marble is that it becomes extremely coarse-grained, with the grain size in the contact zone being 10 mm to 20 mm (0.3937-0.7874 inches).Aquí nos gustaría mostrarte una descripción, pero el sitio web que estás mirando no lo permite.Ancient grains can bring new flavors to your plate while providing healthy, whole grain goodness. Learn more about ancient grains. Advertisement You may not be used to seeing the word "ancient" associated with anything intended to be eaten....Expert Answer. 1. As the rock is made up of powdery limestone, the rock is "Chalk". Sandstone is made up of quartz and feldspar. Shale is made up of quartz, feldspar and clay minerals. Chert is made up of microcrystalline quartz. So the answer is " Chal …. Knowns: This rock is a powdery limestone containing calcite from the shells of ... by comparing their grain size and sorting Although rates of glacial movement vary from region to region, on average the Antarctic Ice Sheet moves ________. at a rate between 2 meters (6.5 feet) and 800 meters (2600 feet) per year throughout the entire glacial ice mass at a rate between 1.6 to 8 kilometers per hour (1 and 5 miles per hour) only when the …The presence of lamination on sedimentary rocks is a distinct characteristic, particularly in shales. They are distinct due to the contrast between successive layers …As the grain diameter increases from 1.74 to 5.24 mm, the transformation ratio decreases and the generation rate increases, indicating that the grain size delays the expulsion of hydrocarbon. This laboratory simulation provides some new results to better understand the hydrocarbon generation and expulsion of shale rock under natural conditions..